Fluid Retention in Legs

Symptoms of fluid retention in the legs may include:

• Swelling: Swelling is the most common symptom of fluid retention in the legs. The legs may feel swollen, heavy and tight, making it more difficult to wear certain shoes or clothing;
• Pain or discomfort: Excessive swelling can cause pain or discomfort in the legs and make normal movement more difficult;
• Tight skin: The skin over the swollen area may appear stretched and shiny due to the pressure caused by fluid build-up;
• Skin pitting: When you gently press the skin in the swollen area, it may leave a temporary indentation before returning to normal;
• Changes in skin colour: In more severe cases, fluid retention in the legs may affect blood circulation, causing changes in skin colour, which may appear paler or redder;
• Feeling of warmth: The swollen area may feel warmer to the touch due to increased blood flow and inflammation;
• Reduced mobility: Excessive swelling can limit the range of movement in the legs, making it more difficult to walk or move comfortably;
• Symptoms worsening throughout the day: Swelling often tends to worsen as the day progresses, particularly after spending long periods standing or sitting.

Fluid retention is more commonly seen in women due to hormonal factors, including fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy. Changes in oestrogen and progesterone levels can influence fluid regulation and blood vessel permeability. In addition, the pressure exerted by the uterus during pregnancy and ageing can contribute to fluid retention, alongside genetic variations and lifestyle factors.

Although this condition can also affect men, hormonal and physiological characteristics tend to make women more susceptible to fluid retention.

During pregnancy in particular, several changes in the body can contribute to fluid retention. These include:

• Hormonal changes: During pregnancy, the production of hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone increases. These hormones can alter blood vessel permeability and affect the regulation of fluid balance, contributing to fluid retention;
• Pressure on blood vessels: As the uterus grows, it places pressure on the major veins in the pelvic and abdominal areas, making it more difficult for blood to return from the lower limbs to the heart. This can increase pressure in the veins of the legs and lead to fluid accumulation in the tissues;
• Changes in circulation: Pregnancy can cause changes in blood circulation, resulting in slower blood flow in the legs. This can make the efficient transport of fluids more difficult and contribute to swelling;
• Increased blood volume: During pregnancy, the body produces more blood to meet the needs of the developing baby. This increased blood volume can place additional strain on the circulatory system and contribute to fluid retention;
• Pressure of the uterus on the lymphatic vessels: As the uterus grows, it can place pressure on the lymphatic vessels, which are responsible for draining excess fluid from the tissues. This can reduce lymphatic drainage and contribute to swelling;
• Resting position and reduced physical activity: During pregnancy, many women spend more time resting or sitting due to discomfort or tiredness. This can affect blood flow and circulation, contributing to fluid retention.

Although it may not always be possible to completely prevent fluid retention in the legs, there are several measures that may help minimise the risk and manage symptoms:

• Stay hydrated: Drinking enough water throughout the day can help maintain the body’s fluid balance;
• Reduce your sodium intake: Sodium can contribute to fluid retention. Try to limit processed foods, fast food and foods high in salt;
• Maintain a balanced diet: Include foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, avocados and spinach, as potassium plays a role in regulating fluid balance in the body;
• Stay active: Regular physical activity can help improve blood and lymphatic circulation, reducing the risk of fluid retention and, consequently, swollen legs;
• Elevate your legs: Raising your legs for a few minutes several times a day may help reduce swelling;
• Wear comfortable clothing: Tight clothing can restrict blood flow and contribute to fluid retention. Choose comfortable, non-restrictive clothing;
• Avoid standing or sitting for long periods: Move regularly, particularly if your job requires you to remain seated or standing for extended periods;
• Massage your legs: Gentle leg massage can help stimulate circulation and lymphatic drainage;
• Maintain a healthy weight: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce pressure on the blood vessels and help prevent fluid retention.

If your legs frequently feel swollen, heavy or uncomfortable, you can book an assessment with one of our BodySculpt specialists so that we can determine which treatments may be most suitable for your case.

If the swelling appears suddenly, affects only one leg or is accompanied by pain, redness, local warmth or shortness of breath, we recommend seeking medical assessment first.

Yes. Swelling in the legs may be associated with changes in venous or lymphatic circulation, although there are many other possible causes. For this reason, when swelling is frequent or persistent, its underlying cause should be assessed before starting treatment.

Manual lymphatic drainage can help stimulate lymphatic drainage and the movement of accumulated fluid, helping to reduce swelling when this treatment is appropriate. Its suitability should always be assessed beforehand.