In this article, we will explore what post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is, its main causes, and the best treatments available to remove skin spots caused by wounds and acne.
What is post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation?
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common dermatological condition where the skin develops dark spots as a result of inflammation caused by wounds, burns, or acne. These spots occur due to excessive production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color, during the healing process.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation may or may not be associated with scars, and even without treatment, it tends to improve over time. Recovery rates vary, from a few months to years for the dark areas to disappear spontaneously. Factors such as lifestyle and sun exposure habits influence the persistence of the spots.
What are the causes of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation?
The main causes of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation include:
- Wounds: Cuts, scratches, burns, or any type of skin injury can trigger an inflammatory response that leads to hyperpigmentation.
- Acne: Inflammation caused by acne can result in dark spots or discoloration on the skin after the lesions have healed.
- Other skin conditions: In addition to wounds and acne, other skin conditions such as eczema or dermatitis can also cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
How to remove skin spots caused by wounds and acne?
To remove skin spots caused by wounds and acne, it is important to adapt some daily care and seek appropriate treatment. Here are some tips:
- Use sunscreen: Sun exposure can worsen skin hyperpigmentation. Therefore, it is essential to use sunscreen daily to protect the skin and prevent additional darkening of the spots.
- Avoid scratching the wounds: Picking at wounds or acne can increase inflammation and worsen skin hyperpigmentation. Keep your hands away from the affected areas to avoid further damage to the skin.
- Use brightening products: Creams and serums containing brightening ingredients such as hydroquinone, kojic acid, azelaic acid, or retinoids can help reduce excessive pigmentation and lighten the spots over time.
- Consult a dermatologist: If the spots persist or are severe, we recommend seeing a dermatologist. There are more advanced treatments, such as chemical peelings, laser treatments for skin spots, or microneedling with drug delivery, that help remove the spots more quickly and effectively.
What are the best treatments for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation?
There are several effective treatments for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, such as:
- Fractional CO2 Laser: This is the most powerful type of laser for facial rejuvenation. It is used for skin renewal, from superficial to deeper treatments. Learn more about Fractional CO2 Laser.
- Chemical Peels: This is a skin renewal treatment that improves or eliminates spots or imperfections on the skin, such as acne, scars, or fine wrinkles. Through chemical action, the older skin is ‘exfoliated’ and replaced by new, fresh skin, resulting in rejuvenation. Learn more about Chemical Peeling.
- Microneedling with drug delivery: A microneedling system is used to increase the absorption of active ingredients in the skin. In this technique, depigmenting substances, antioxidants, vitamins, polynucleotides, among many other combinations can be used. The choice of mixture is made individually after a dermatological consultation.
- Dermatological Creams: Creams containing brightening ingredients can (and should) be used to reduce excessive pigmentation and lighten the spots over time, always in conjunction with sunscreen use.
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It is important to consult a dermatologist to determine the best treatment for your individual needs and achieve clearer and more radiant skin.
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Responsible for Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation treatments
Dr. Paola Halfeld is a specialist in Dermatology from the Brazilian Medical Association and holds a Master in Public Health from the University of Porto. She completed her degree in Medicine at Estácio de Sá University in Rio de Janeiro. Subsequently, she completed her integrated master’s degree in medicine at the University of Algarve, registering with the Portuguese Medical Society in 2020.
She is a member of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology and a member of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.
During her training, she completed internships at leading institutions such as the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) and the National Cancer Institute (INCA). She was a fellow in aesthetic dermatology and trichology (an area of dermatology that studies and treats hair disorders).
Dr. Halfeld is a regular participant in medical conferences and events, contributing to scientific communications as main author and co-author, in addition to numerous courses and training courses in many areas of dermatology. She recently presented her master’s study at the World Congress of Dermatology in Singapore.
Dr. Halfeld has a special interest in the treatment of diseases affecting the scalp and hair and in cosmetic dermatology. It is her practice to perform a complete physical examination for skin cancer screening in all her patients.
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